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無論網(wǎng)絡(luò)江湖的菜鳥,還是在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上混跡多年的網(wǎng)蟲,關(guān)于“給力“一詞登上《國民日?qǐng)?bào)》頭版頭條都顯得分外高興。今日,咱們一起追隨專家看看漢語翻譯成英語給力的中式翻譯方法吧。
譯題一:中國進(jìn)入城市病集中暴發(fā)期
如今,在北京、上海、廣州、深圳這樣的特大城市,交通擁擠、環(huán)境凈化、入托難、就醫(yī)難等問題已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重困擾城市居民的生涯。這些不盡善盡美的體現(xiàn)有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)樸的名字:城市病,指的是人口過于向大城市集中而引發(fā)的一系列社會(huì)問題。北京、上海、廣州、深圳等大城市底本是中國經(jīng)濟(jì)最興旺、資源最集中的中央,但城市居民的生涯舒過度卻好像在降落。城市病已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響居民的生涯質(zhì)量,甚至有觀念認(rèn)為,我國已經(jīng)進(jìn)入城市病的集中暴發(fā)期。
參考譯文:
Outbreak of city diseases pummels China
In such megapolises as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen in China, dwellers have been suffering from nagging issues of traffic jam, environmental pollution, kindergarten shortage, and insufficient medical services。
All these problems vie for a simple name called “city diseases“, which embrace all social problems resulting from people pouring into large cities。
In the most prosperous and resourceful cities in China above mentioned, residents seem to be reduced to a life of lesser comfort。 As their life quality is emaciated by urban diseases, some even infer that China has stepped into an epidemic period。
為了吸引眼球,消息題目中宜用隱喻,從認(rèn)知言語學(xué)的角度講,隱喻是人類的一種認(rèn)知方法,隱喻有“逝世的隱喻”和“活的隱喻”,那些言語運(yùn)用者司空見慣的逝世的隱喻并不能吸引讀者,只要翻新的活的隱喻能力吸引讀者的眼球。在本譯題的題目翻譯中,把“暴發(fā)”翻譯成outbreak或explosion運(yùn)用了隱喻,但這些隱喻已不能給讀者“生疏感”,因而筆者綜合斟酌,把題目翻譯成了Outbreak of city diseases pummels China,pummel一詞的運(yùn)用強(qiáng)調(diào)城市病的延續(xù)發(fā)酵。“城市病”自身也是一個(gè)比方,所以在開頭處,筆者用epidemic period來翻譯“暴發(fā)期”,關(guān)于同一個(gè)詞語的翻譯,題目和內(nèi)文的解決不一樣也屬正常。本譯題中能夠運(yùn)用形象隱喻來翻譯的詞語還有“困擾”等,有網(wǎng)友抉擇pester, nag等詞來對(duì)譯也較形象。斟酌到對(duì)疾病隱喻的延續(xù)運(yùn)用,筆者在翻譯時(shí)保存了suffer from這個(gè)短語的運(yùn)用。
“入托難,就醫(yī)難”中的“難”字在翻譯時(shí)要注重防止反復(fù),反復(fù)不是不能夠,重要是這里的四個(gè)問題,僅有兩個(gè)“難”字,尚不能形成排比,也無法整個(gè)兼并解決,所以筆者分手看待,翻譯成了kindergarten shortage, and insufficient medical services。有的網(wǎng)友翻譯的對(duì)照繁瑣,比方difficulties for children to go to nurseries, and difficulties for receiving medical treatment,這也觸及到了中國式英語的問題,在點(diǎn)評(píng)的開端,會(huì)專門探討這個(gè)問題。
“不盡善盡美的體現(xiàn)”是指上文提到的困擾城市居民的問題,這里漢語采用了防止反復(fù)的手腕,但在漢譯英時(shí),斟酌到跨越了段落,按英語連接的請(qǐng)求,運(yùn)用 problems來翻譯連接會(huì)更加嚴(yán)密。“不盡善盡美的體現(xiàn)”就是不好的體現(xiàn),直譯成英語能夠是ill performance, under-performance,但給人的覺得總是和上文連接不上。
第三段中的“底本”二字極易形成誤會(huì),這些大城市底本是、如今仍然是中國經(jīng)濟(jì)最興旺、資源最集中的中央,那為什么要用“底本”呢?本來漢語這樣說是為了示意轉(zhuǎn)機(jī),因而把“底本”翻譯成originally就錯(cuò)了,準(zhǔn)確的翻譯時(shí)舍棄這個(gè)詞,或許用妥協(xié)狀語從句來翻譯,為了防止簡(jiǎn)約,筆者抉擇了介詞短語 in the most prosperous and resourceful cities in China mentioned above。
譯題二:英媒稱王室擔(dān)心戴妃喜劇重演
英國威廉王子和女友凱特·米德爾頓訂婚的音訊是目前寰球媒體關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。據(jù)內(nèi)情人士披露,自從訂婚以來,凱特始終擔(dān)心本人無法勝任王妃這一嚴(yán)重職責(zé),同時(shí)擔(dān)心威廉王子與前女友杰西卡·克雷格舊情未了,重蹈當(dāng)年輕爸查爾斯覆轍。許多英國王室成員擔(dān)心,凱特或許會(huì)因而患上抑郁癥--就像威廉王子的母親戴安娜王妃那樣,最終導(dǎo)致婚姻決裂!為此王室已經(jīng)委派心理專家對(duì)凱特進(jìn)行心理引導(dǎo)。
參考譯文:
British press told of royal family“s concern over another Diana tragedy
The world media is currently spotlighting on Prince William“s engagement to girlfriend Kate Middleton。 Inside dope reveals that since their engagement Kate has been worried that while she can not feel up to being a princess, Prince William might rekindle a flame for his ex, Jessica Craig, only to repeat the mistake of his father Charles。 Members from BRF have expressing concern over Kate“s potential depression—in the same way Princess Diana acted and wound up her marriage。 On account of this, the royalty has entrusted a psychologist with counseling Kate。
“喜劇重演”是another Diana tragedy,不是another Diana“s tragedy,區(qū)別在于前者示意戴安娜式的喜劇,后者輕易誤會(huì)為戴安娜的喜劇,當(dāng)然這里重要反應(yīng)了現(xiàn)代英語多用名詞定語的趨向,另外詳細(xì)問題詳細(xì)剖析,遵照習(xí)性同樣重要。
“寰球媒體關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)”這里翻譯的時(shí)分,網(wǎng)友多用名詞,比方the focus of the world medias, the spotlight of global medias等,實(shí)踐上用動(dòng)詞能夠更好的強(qiáng)調(diào)寰球媒體爭(zhēng)相報(bào)道這一音訊的狀況。
“內(nèi)情人士”能夠是insider或informant,也能夠用inside dope(內(nèi)情音訊)代指。 “無法勝任王妃這一嚴(yán)重職責(zé)”這句有網(wǎng)友翻譯時(shí)運(yùn)用了feel up to這一非正式用語,很好的活潑了翻譯作風(fēng),不過這里to是介詞,后接動(dòng)名詞而不是不定式。
由于觸及王室的事件,“吃一塹;長一智”這樣的話在翻譯時(shí)最好說得悠揚(yáng)一點(diǎn),由于英國人談話絕對(duì)對(duì)照婉轉(zhuǎn),比方網(wǎng)友erinpark翻譯成William would eventually follow his father Prince Charles“(s) footstep and take a mistress,內(nèi)容交代的更清晰了,但預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)導(dǎo)致一局部英國讀者的惡感。
“心理引導(dǎo)”算專業(yè)術(shù)語了,通常翻譯成psychological counseling。 這里也能夠變通解決,還是網(wǎng)友erinpark的翻譯,counseling for Kate to help her ease into her upcoming royal life,這里的說明性翻譯很好。
譯題三:“給力”下臺(tái)面各方力挺 網(wǎng)絡(luò)言語是否“轉(zhuǎn)正”?
無論是剛剛走入網(wǎng)絡(luò)江湖的菜鳥,還是已經(jīng)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上混跡多年的網(wǎng)蟲,關(guān)于“給力“一詞登上《國民日?qǐng)?bào)》頭版頭條一事,都顯得分外高興。網(wǎng)友把這一事件看成是網(wǎng)絡(luò)言語被認(rèn)可的一個(gè)大事件,更有網(wǎng)友提出:報(bào)紙給力是否帶動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)言語“轉(zhuǎn)正“?
網(wǎng)友戲稱,ungelivable能夠是有史以來流傳速度最快的“英文單詞“。“給力“一詞能夠源自西南或閩北方言,有很棒、很出色的意思,現(xiàn)多用來形容事物“夠勁“、“使人振奮“、“覺得氣力“等。
參考譯文:
“Geili“ certified by mainstream, shall cyber language be used “regularly“?
Both newbies and net potatoes in China are intoxicated by adoption of the cyber word “geili (pinyin of two Chinese characters in which gei means “to give“ and li “support“, “power“ or “force“, translated by China“s internet users into English as “gelivable“)“ in the news that makes headlines of People“s Daily。 It is celebrated in the cyber world as a biggie that symbolizes the approval of cyber language by print press。 Some netizens wonder if the “given force“ from newspapers will bring more cyber words into “formal“ use。
It is jested that “ungelivable“ has become by far the fastest spread English word。 “Geili“, which originally means “very good“ or “wonderful“, is likely derived from Cantonese or Minnan Dialect in China。 Now the word is used to say “cool“, “inspiring“ or “forceful“。
“給力”這個(gè)漢語詞匯已經(jīng)被網(wǎng)友“翻譯”成了gelivable,但題目的翻譯中最好運(yùn)用拼音,由于這里講的重要是中國主流媒體對(duì)“給力”一詞的接收,只管前面也提到了它的英譯問題,題目中只給出拼音,而補(bǔ)注能夠留待下文解決,關(guān)于借入英語的漢語詞匯,除非已經(jīng)得到正式認(rèn)可的以外,附加說明是必要的,通常的方法是給出漢語拼音、單個(gè)漢字的意思以及詞語的整體意思。“Gelivable”在英語中,還不能算一個(gè)嚴(yán)厲意義上的漢語借詞,由于這種混淆了兩種言語成分的構(gòu)詞要真正得到英語母語運(yùn)用者的接收,還是須要時(shí)光的。另外“轉(zhuǎn)正”一詞筆者在題目和文內(nèi)分手翻譯成be used “regularly”和bring cyber words into “formal“ usage,一方面翻譯要靈巧掌握,另一方面就是防止反復(fù)。
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