10年專業(yè)筆譯品牌?
10年數(shù)萬(wàn)場(chǎng)口譯
專業(yè)留學(xué)移民翻譯
多語(yǔ)言網(wǎng)站翻譯
89種語(yǔ)言服務(wù)
一、轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞
例如:I admire your decision to fight for the difficulties in preparing the examination.
譯文:你決定戰(zhàn)勝?gòu)?fù)習(xí)考試中的困難,這一點(diǎn)我很羨慕。
(一)名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞
1.由動(dòng)詞派生的名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞。
Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.
火箭已經(jīng)用來(lái)探索宇宙。
In China, there is a lot of emphasis on politeness.
在中國(guó),人們非常注重講禮貌。
2.含有動(dòng)作意味的名詞往往可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞。
A careful study of the original text will give you a better translation.
仔細(xì)研究原文,你會(huì)翻譯得更好。
The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.
看到我們的噴氣式飛機(jī),聽(tīng)見(jiàn)隆隆的機(jī)聲,令我特別神往。
3.英語(yǔ)(論壇)中有些加后綴-er的名詞, He is a good singer.
他唱歌唱得好。
Those small factories are also lavish consumer and waster of raw materials.
那些小工廠還在極大的消耗和浪費(fèi)原材料。
4.有些短語(yǔ)中作為中心主體詞的名詞往往可轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞,如To have a rest 和To have a good look at 里的rest 和look.
You must be tired. Why don’t you take a rest?
你一定很累了,為什么不休息一會(huì)呢?
The car braked sharply, coming to rest on the edge of the cliff.
汽車猛的剎住,停在懸崖邊上。
(二)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞
I am anxious about his health.
我擔(dān)心他的身體健康。
Scientists are confident that all matter is indestructible.
科學(xué)家們都深信,所有的物質(zhì)都是不滅的。
常見(jiàn)的有:
與思維和知覺(jué)相關(guān)的形容詞:aware, conscious, certain, sure, mindful, ignorant, alert等;
與情感相關(guān)的形容詞:glad, pleased, cautious, careful, angry, happy, exhilarated, excited, confident, thankful, grateful, concerned, eager, afraid, doubtful, sorry等;
與欲望相關(guān)的形容詞:desirous, hopeful, anxious, keen, enthusiastic, zealous等。
(三)副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞
She opened the window to let fresh air in.
她把窗子打開(kāi),讓新鮮空氣進(jìn)來(lái)。
After careful investigation they found the design behind.
經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)研究之后,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)落后了。
二、轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞
(一)英語(yǔ)中很多由名詞派生的動(dòng)詞,以及由名詞轉(zhuǎn)用的動(dòng)詞,在漢語(yǔ)中往往不易找到相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞,這時(shí)可將其轉(zhuǎn)譯成漢語(yǔ)名詞。
1.名詞派生的動(dòng)詞
This kind of behavior acterizes the criminal mind.
這種舉止是罪犯的心理特征。
To them, he personified the absolute power.
在他們看來(lái),他就是絕對(duì)權(quán)威的化身。
2.名詞轉(zhuǎn)用的動(dòng)詞
Our age is witnessing a profound political change.
我們的時(shí)代是深刻政治變革的見(jiàn)證。
Most U.S. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth’s atmosphere after completing their missions.
美國(guó)絕大多數(shù)間諜衛(wèi)星,按其設(shè)計(jì),是在完成使命后,在大氣層中焚毀。
(二)有些英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)式句子中的動(dòng)詞,可以譯成“受(遭)到……+名詞”、“予(加)以+名詞”這類結(jié)構(gòu)。
He was treated very shabbily by the press during this period.
在這期間,他受到了新聞界極不公正的對(duì)待。
I was encouraged by our president.
我得到了校長(zhǎng)的鼓勵(lì)。
(三)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞
1.英語(yǔ)中有些形容詞加上定冠詞表示某一類的人,漢譯時(shí)常譯成名詞。
They did their best to help the sick and the wounded.
他們盡了最大的努力幫助病號(hào)和傷員。
Both compounds are acids, the former is strong and the latter is weak.
這兩種都是酸。前者是強(qiáng)酸,后者是弱酸。
2.有時(shí)候根據(jù)情況,可以靈活處理,把有些形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞來(lái)翻譯。
He was eloquent and elegant—but soft.
他有口才、有風(fēng)度,但性格軟弱。
His whole family were religious.
他全家都是虔誠(chéng)的教徒。
三、轉(zhuǎn)譯成形容詞
形容詞派生的名詞往往可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成形容詞。
This issue is of vital importance.
這個(gè)問(wèn)題至關(guān)重要。
The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment.她蒼白的臉色清楚地表明了她那時(shí)的情緒。
有些名詞加不定冠詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí),往往要以轉(zhuǎn)譯成形容詞。
Our performance was a success.
我們的演出很成功。
Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.
獨(dú)立思考對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)是絕對(duì)必需的。
四、其它詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯
(一)形容詞與副詞的互相轉(zhuǎn)譯
1.由于英語(yǔ)中的名詞在翻譯的時(shí)候可以轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,所以修飾該名詞的形容詞往往轉(zhuǎn)譯成漢語(yǔ)副詞。
We must make full use of exiting technical equipment.
我們必須充分利用現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)設(shè)備。
This is sheer nonsense.
這完全是胡說(shuō)
2.由于英語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞在翻譯的時(shí)候可以轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語(yǔ)名詞,所以修飾該動(dòng)詞的副詞往往轉(zhuǎn)譯成形容詞。
This film impressed him deeply.
這部電影給了他深刻的印象。
(二)名詞與副詞的互相轉(zhuǎn)譯
1.名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成副詞
The new mayor earned some appreciation by the courtesy of coming to visit the city poor.
新市長(zhǎng)有禮貌地前來(lái)訪問(wèn)城市貧民,獲得了他們的一些好感。
2.副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞
It is officially announced that China has successfully launched her fist manned spaceship.
官方宣布,中國(guó)已經(jīng)成功的實(shí)現(xiàn)了載人航天。
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